Postschool education and training: Accessible to all?

This article examines knowledge and skill development during early adulthood when the individual has severed ties with formal education and entered the world of work. Focusing on a cohort of young men from the National Longitudinal Surveys, the paper examines the economic and social forces influencing participation in various forms of postschool education and training. A recursive model is used to explore skill development patterns over the lifecycle. Attention is focused on the role of early human capital development and its influence on the cost and incentives for subsequent skill development in the adult working years. The findings point to the cumulative nature of skill development over the lifecycle with some important implications for efforts to reduce economic and social inequalities for blacks and whites.     

Reform of China's Foreign Exchange Regime and its Implications in the Light of the Asian Financial Crisis

MOCT-MOST: Economic Policy in Transitional Economies -     

中心辐射式铁路物流管理体制的探讨

物流管理是改善物流系统性能，提高物流效率的关键。本文论述了铁路物流体制改革的历史；结合市场经济、铁路运输业特性、高新技术发展等因素提出了中心辐射式铁路物流管理体制；并论述了该体制对铁路供应物流的积极作用。     

An empirical study of the impact of information technology intensity in strategic investment decisions

This paper focuses on two issues of the management of strategic information technology investment decisions (SITIDs). First, it examines the outcomes of strategic investment decisions (SIDs) according to the extent of IT intensity in the investment project (termed IT-ness). Second, IT-ness is assessed in realtion to a numberr of dimensions, including decision formulating process, evealuation process and decision content. Empirical testing is based on a sample of 80 SIDs from Taiwanese enterprises. Thw results show that IT-ness is negatively associated with the effectiveness of SIDs and several constructs in the decision process. The implicaitons of this for the evaluaiton and management of SITIDs, and on agenda for further research into the effectiveness of SITIDs, are discussed.     

我国乡村居民体育消费滞后的社会学分析

采用文献资料法、逻辑归纳方法,对我国乡村居民体育消费的重要性、体育消费的现状以及我国农村体育消费的基本方式剖析的基础上,提出经济发展制约着乡村体育消费的发展;传统的生活方式羁绊着农村体育消费发展;广大农民对体育认识的滞后是阻碍体育消费的绊脚石;政府体育支出对农村体育消费行为的影响意义深远。     

试析城市发展的外部效应

城市发展是以城市经济发展为基础的包括城市经济发展在内的整个城市社会的进步，实际是一种有机体的经济活动，因此受到经济学“外部效应”普遍性的影响，对经济、文化、民主政治以及生态的协调发展产生积极的作用。因此实现城市科学、可持续发展，是现阶段城市建设的重要目标。     

新型农业经营主体的空间分异特征及其创新发展机制——以山东省为例

目的 新型农业经营主体的创新发展是我国实现农业农村现代化发展的重大战略，通过对山东省3类新型农业经营主体发展特征进行研究，有利于以点带面，提升各类新型农业经营主体发展质量。方法 文章以山东省1 585个新型农业经营主体为研究对象，综合运用空间分析方法和地理探测器模型系统揭示山东省3类新型农业经营主体空间分异特征及其创新发展机制。结果 （1）山东省3类经营主体呈集聚型分布，3类经营主体的空间离散程度均处在高非均衡水平，空间分布结构的区域差异明显。（2）3类经营主体呈现“多中心，连片化”的空间分布特征，家庭农场整体呈“带状”分布，农民专业合作社和龙头企业整体呈“环带状”分布。（3）家庭农场与农民专业合作社在县域层面呈显著的空间正相关性，龙头企业在市域层面呈显著的空间负相关性。（4）生产要素、政府能力、劳动力质量、技术创新、产业结构、金融服务、电子商务和市场化水平共同推动各类经营主体创新发展，且两两之间的交互能对3类经营主体创新发展具有协同增强的作用。结论 因此，针对不同类型新型农业经营主体创新发展特性，采取多元化、差异化的发展策略组合有助于推动各类经营主体的创新发展。     

Economic implications of proposed accounting for stock-based compensation

This article examines the market expectations of the proposed accounting changes for stock-based compensation in the exposure draft that preceded the Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 123. The exposure draft made recommendations that significantly differed from current practice. Affected firms expressed concern that the proposed changes would drastically reduce their reported earnings. This could lead to firms becoming less attractive to capital sources (resulting in higher costs of capital) and firms refraining from using stock options to attract talented managers and entrepreneurs. The market test shows that affected firms experienced negative security market prices contemporaneous with issuance of the exposure draft. Cross-sectional analyses indicate that the magnitude of price decline is associated with measures of high risk and less mature firms.     

The transition from social insecurity

The paper analyses the insecurity of state relative to private pensions. It considers issues such as moral hazard, policy-induced risk and the way in which property rights accrue to a scheme's beneficiaries. The article concludes that state schemes are fundamentally more insecure than private schemes and that the difficulties of state schemes have not arisen simply because of an accident of demographics. The difficulties of private pension schemes are also discussed as well as the transition problems arising from moving from state to private arrangements.